Interdependence | Power &

They provide a platform for rather than unilateral action. IV. Modern Challenges: The Virtual Age Power and Interdependence - Branislav L. Slantchev (UCSD)

Power can be exercised by setting the (deciding what gets talked about) rather than just winning an argument. III. The Role of International Regimes

: A state's ability to adjust and find alternatives over time. If a country can easily switch to solar power when oil prices rise, it is sensitive but not highly vulnerable. Bargaining Power Power & Interdependence

: How quickly and intensely changes in one country affect another. For example, a sudden rise in oil prices immediately impacts all importing nations.

: Military security no longer consistently dominates. Economic, environmental, and social issues (often called "low politics") are frequently at the forefront of national agendas. They provide a platform for rather than unilateral action

: Beyond official state-to-state diplomacy, there are transgovernmental ties between bureaucrats and transnational links between corporations and NGOs.

These institutions help and make cooperation more predictable. Slantchev (UCSD) Power can be exercised by setting

The core of the "Power and Interdependence" framework, pioneered by Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye , suggests that the traditional "Realist" view of international relations—where states are the only actors and military force is the primary currency of power—is increasingly insufficient in a globalised world. I. The Shift to Complex Interdependence