While it was used as an informal in-group identifier in places like Sydney, Australia during the 1960s and 70s, its contemporary use is largely seen as defamatory.
The specific phrase "tranny thumbs" does not exist in medical literature. You may be referring to , which has several colloquial (and sometimes problematic) names. Medical Profile of Brachydactyly Type D tranny thumbs thumbs
Historically, the word was also an innocuous abbreviation for a transistor radio , though this usage has largely vanished. 2. Thumb Conditions and Cultural Myths
Based on your query, there appears to be a conflation of two distinct concepts: the slang term "tranny" and various thumb-related medical conditions or cultural signals.