The tip is dragged directly across the surface. While it provides high-resolution data for hard materials, the frictional forces can damage soft biological samples.
Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) transformed our understanding of the nanoworld by allowing scientists to "feel" rather than just "see" atoms. Among the various SPM techniques, is the most versatile, capable of imaging nearly any surface—from hard semiconductors to soft living cells—at sub-nanometer resolution. The Principles of Atomic Force Microscopy Scanning Probe Microscopy: Atomic Force Microsc...
Atomic force microscope (AFM), the key tool for surface analysis The tip is dragged directly across the surface
AFM’s ability to work in various environments—including air, vacuum, and liquids—has led to breakthroughs in several fields: Among the various SPM techniques, is the most
The cantilever oscillates and "taps" the surface rapidly. This reduces friction and lateral forces, making it the standard for imaging polymers and biological molecules like DNA. Diverse Applications across Sciences
At its core, an AFM operates much like a record player. It uses a microscopic probe, usually made of silicon or silicon nitride, attached to a flexible cantilever. As the probe scans across a surface, atomic-scale forces (such as , electrostatic, or capillary forces) cause the cantilever to bend or vibrate. Licensed by Google
AFM can be operated in several modes depending on the delicacy of the sample and the information required: