Nil By Mouth Apr 2026

In healthcare, "Nil by Mouth" (often abbreviated as or NPO , from the Latin nil per os ) is a directive that a patient must not consume any food, beverages, or oral medications.

: It is also used to allow the digestive system to rest during conditions like bowel obstructions or acute pancreatitis, and to ensure clear views during diagnostic tests like endoscopies. Nil by Mouth

: It is most commonly used as a safety precaution before surgery or medical imaging. Fasting ensures the stomach is empty, which prevents aspiration —the accidental inhalation of stomach contents into the lungs—while under anesthesia. In healthcare, "Nil by Mouth" (often abbreviated as