: Involves pheromones and scent marking to identify reproductive status or establish territory.
The study of , often referred to as zoosemiotics , examines how non-human species exchange information to survive, reproduce, and maintain social structures. Current research ranges from traditional ethological observations to the cutting-edge use of artificial intelligence to decode complex vocal patterns. Core Modalities of Communication animal communication
The field is characterized by two distinct approaches to understanding how animals "speak": Using AI to Decode Animal Communication with Aza Raskin : Involves pheromones and scent marking to identify
: Includes melodic songs in birds, echolocation in bats, and complex vocalizations in whales and dolphins. often referred to as zoosemiotics